Soil processes refer to the physical, chemical, and biological interactions that occur within soils, influencing nutrient cycling, plant growth, and overall soil health. These processes include weathering of minerals, organic matter decomposition, nutrient uptake by plants, water infiltration and retention, and microorganism activity. Understanding soil processes is crucial for sustainable agriculture, ecosystem management, and climate change mitigation, as they impact soil fertility, water quality, and carbon sequestration. Researchers in this field study the underlying mechanisms of soil processes and develop management strategies to improve soil health and productivity.